Antimony pentafluoride
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| Antimony pentafluoride | ||
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| Systematic name | antimony(V) fluoride | |
| Other names | antimony pentafluoride pentafluoroantimony |
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| Molecular formula | SbF5 | |
| Molar mass | 216.74 g mol−1 | |
| CAS number | [7783-70-2] | |
| Solubility (water) | Reacts with water | |
| Solubility in other solvents | SO2,SO2FCl | |
| Melting point | 8.3 °C (281.3 K) | |
| Boiling point | 141 °C (414 K) | |
| NFPA 704 |
0
4
1
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| Disclaimer and references | ||
Antimony pentafluoride is the chemical compound with the formula SbF5. This colourless, viscous liquid is a valuable Lewis acid and a component of fluoroantimonic acid, the strongest known acid, i.e. a superacid. The very feature that make SbF5 interesting also - its extraordinary Lewis acidity - also is responsible for the fact that it reacts with almost all known compounds,[1]
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[edit] Structure and chemical reactions
SbF5 adopts a trigonal bipyramidal structure of D3h point group symmetry. It is a strong Lewis acid, especially toward sources of F− whereup it gives the relatively inert anion [SbF6]−. The latter reacts with additional SbF5 to give [Sb2F11]−.
In the same way that SbF5 enhances the Brønsted acidity of HF, it enhances the oxidizing power of F2. This effect is illustrated by the oxidation of oxygen:[2]
- SbF5 + ½F2 + O2 → [O2](SbF6)
[edit] Safety
SbF5 reacts violently with many compounds, often releasing dangerous hydrogen fluoride.
[edit] References
- ^ Olah, G. A.; Prakash, G. K. S.; Wang, Q.; Li, X.-y."Antimony(V) Fluoride" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. DOI: 10.1002/047084289.
- ^ Shamir, J.; Binenboym, J. "Dioxygenyl Salts" Inorganic Syntheses, 1973, XIV, 109-122. ISBN 07-071320-0.
- IPCS, CEC 2005. "ANTIMONY PENTAFLUORIDE (ICSC) Retrieved May 13, 2006.
- Barbalace, Kenneth. "Chemical Database - Antimony Pentafluoride". 1995 - 2006. Retrieved May 13, 2006.
[edit] External links
- National Pollutant Inventory - Antimony and compounds fact sheet
- National Pollutant Inventory - Flouride and compounds fact sheet
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