Cadmium sulfide
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| Cadmium sulfide | |
|---|---|
| Image:Cadmium sulfide.jpg | |
| General | |
| Other names | Greenockite, Cadmium(II) sulphide |
| Molecular formula | CdS |
| Molar mass | 144.46 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow-orange solid. |
| CAS number | [1306-23-6] [1] |
| EINECS number | 215-147-8 |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | 4.82 g/cm3, solid. |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| Melting point | 1750°C at 100 bar |
| Boiling point | 980°C subl. |
| Structure | |
| Coordination geometry |
? |
| Crystal structure | Hexagonal |
| Thermodynamic data | |
| ΔfH°solid | -144 kJ/mol |
| S°solid | 71 J/ (K mol) |
| Safety data | |
| EU classification | Toxic Carc. Cat. 2 Muta. Cat. 3 Repr. Cat. 3 Dangerous for the environment |
| R-Phrases | R45, R22, R48/23/25 R62, R63, R68, R53 |
| S-Phrases | S53, S45, S61 |
| PEL-TWA (OSHA) | ? |
| IDLH (NIOSH) | ? |
| Flash point | non flammable |
| RTECS number | EV3150000 |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Cadmium oxide Cadmium selenide |
| Other cations | Zinc sulfide Mercury sulfide |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
|
Cadmium sulfide (UK English sulphide), the mineral greenockite, is an hexagonal, yellowish crystal with specific gravity of 4.7 and Mohs hardness of 3.8.
Synthetic cadmium pigments based on cadmium sulfide are valued for their good thermal stability in many polymers, for example in engineering plastics. By adding selenium in its formula its possible to obtain colors ranging from a greenish yellow to red violet pigment. The weather resistance for this pigment is 8 in full tone, which means that it is a good pigment for UV.
Cadmium sulfide is a direct bandgap semiconductor with a bandgap of 2.42 eV. It has useful properties for optoelectronics, being used in both photosensitive and photovoltaic devices. One simple use is as a photoresistor whose electrical resistance changes with incident light levels.
Mixed with zinc sulfide, cadmium sulfide acts as a phosphor with long afterglow.
[edit] External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 0404
- IARC Monograph: "Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds" Last access Nov. 2005.
- National Pollutant Inventory - Cadmium and compounds
- [2] Report by the Academy of Medical Sciences to the Chief Scientific Adviser, Ministry of Defence on the Zinc Cadmium Sulphide dispersion trials undertaken in the United Kingdom between 1953 and 1964. Last access Nov. 2005.
- Cadmium(II) sulphide information at Webelements.
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