GeForce 6 Series
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| NVIDIA GeForce 6 Series | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Codename | NV40 |
| Created | 2004-2005 |
| Entry-Level GPU | GeForce 6200 |
| Mid-Range GPU | GeForce 6600 |
| High-End GPU | GeForce 6800 |
| DirectX Version | 9.0c |
The GeForce 6 Series (codenamed NV40) is NVIDIA's sixth generation of GeForce graphics chipsets. All of them support Vertex and Pixel shader version 3.0, as required under the Microsoft DirectX 9.0c specification.
Launched on April 14th 2004, the GeForce 6 family introduced several important new features to the GeForce product-line: PureVideo functionality, Shader Model 3.0 support, and SLI technology. But perhaps most importantly, the GeForce 6 family addressed the perceived shortcoming of its predecessor GeForce FX family, mediocre Shader Model 2.0 performance. Hence, on both technical and marketing terms, the GeForce 6 enabled NVIDIA to return to a position of competitiveness against its rival, ATI Technologies.
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[edit] GeForce 6 Series features
[edit] SLI
The Scalable Link Interface (SLI) allows two GeForce 6 cards of the same type to be connected in tandem. The driver software balances the workload to the two chips dynamically. (Although SLI is also the name for the late 3dfx's Scan-Line Interleave scheme, NVIDIA and 3dfx's SLI technologies are different in principle.) SLI-capability is limited to select members of the GeForce 6 family: 6500 and above. SLI is only available on the PCI-Express platform.
[edit] NVIDIA PureVideo Technology
NVIDIA PureVideo technology is the combination of a dedicated video processing core and software that delivers high-definition H.264, VC-1, WMV, and MPEG-2 movies with minimal CPU utilization and low power consumption. The subpixel processing enables videos to be scaled to any size at a potentially higher quality than some other software.
[edit] Shader Model 3.0
While ATI was the first to deliver Shader Model 2.0 capability to the retail market, NVIDIA was the first to deliver Shader Model 3.0 (SM3) capability. SM3 extends SM2 in a number of ways: standard FP32 (32-bit floating-point) precision, dynamic branching, and longer shader lengths are the main additions. Shader Model 3.0 was quickly adopted by game developers because it was quite simple to convert existing shaders coded with SM 2.0/2.0A/2.0B to version 3.0, and it offered noticeable performance improvements across the entire GeForce 6 line.
[edit] Caveats
There are reports of incompatibility between 6 series cards and some wide aspect ratio LCD panels when connected through DVI. Purevideo functionality varies by model, with some models lacking WMV9 and/or H.264 acceleration.
[edit] Geforce 6 Series Comparison
Here is how the released versions of the "GeForce 6" series family compare to NVIDIA's previous flagship GPU, the GeForce FX 5950 Ultra, in addition to the competitive units of ATI's newly released for the time Radeon X800 and X850 Series:
| GeForce FX 5950 Ultra | GeForce 6200 TC-32 | GeForce 6600 GT | GeForce 6800 Ultra | ATI Radeon X800 XT PE | ATI Radeon X850 XT PE | |
| Transistor count | 135 million | 77 million | 146 million | 222 million | 160 million | 160 million |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing process | 0.13 μm | 0.11 μm | 0.11 μm | 0.13 μm | 0.13 μm low-k | 0.13 μm low-k |
| Die Area | ~200 mm² | 110 mm² | 156 mm² | 288 mm² | 288 mm² | 297 mm² |
| Core clock speed | 475 MHz | 350 MHz | 500 MHz | 400 MHz | 520 MHz | 540 MHz |
| Number of pixel shader processors | 4 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| Number of pixel pipes | 4 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| Number of texturing units | 8 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| Number of vertex pipelines | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Peak pixel fill rate (theoretical) | 1.9 Gigapixel/s | 700 Megapixel/s | 2.0 Gigapixel/s | 6.4 Gigapixel/s | 8.32 Gigapixel/s | 8.64 Gigapixel/s |
| Peak texture fill rate (theoretical) | 3.8 Gigatexel/s | 1.4 Gigatexel/s | 4.0 Gigatexel/s | 6.4 Gigatexel/s | 8.32 Gigatexel/s | 8.64 Gigatexel/s |
| Memory interface | 256-bit | 64-bit | 128-bit | 256-bit | 256-bit | 256-bit |
| Memory clock speed | 950 MHz DDR | 700 MHz DDR | 1.0 GHz GDDR3 | 1.1 GHz GDDR3 | 1.12 GHz GDDR3 | 1.18 GHz GDDR3 |
| Peak memory bandwidth | 30.4GB/s | 5.6GB/s | 16.0GB/s | 35.2GB/s | 35.84GB/s | 37.76GB/s |
[edit] GeForce 6800 Series
The first family in the GeForce 6 product-line, the 6800 series catered to the high-performance gaming market. As the very first GeForce 6 model, the 16 pixel pipeline GeForce 6800 Ultra (NV40) was 50-80% faster than NVIDIA's previous top-line product (the GeForce FX 5950 Ultra), packed twice the number of pixel pipelines, and added a much improved pixel-shader architecture. Yet, the 6800 Ultra was fabricated on the same (IBM) 130 nanometer process node as the FX 5950, and it consumed slightly less power.
Early benchmarks put the 6800 series at a disadvantage when compared to similarly priced ATI cards. Newer drivers have improved performance on both companies' products. Against the ATI's Radeon X800XT PE, its direct competitor, the 6800 Ultra performed comparably in most synthetic and game benchmarks, with each card showing its individual strengths in different gaming applications. NVIDIA's part is strong in many applications programmed for OpenGL (a traditional strength of NVIDIA), while ATI leads in many Direct3D applications. Thus, it is now generally accepted that the GeForce 6800 Ultra is similar in performance to the Radeon X800 XT, and that the GeForce 6800 GT generally performs better than the Radeon X800 Pro.
In the view of many, the 6800 Ultra gave NVIDIA a performance boost it had not seen since the early days of the GeForce product-line. In the aftermath of the GeForce FX series (which could only offer competitive performance in OpenGL applications), the 6800 restored faith in NVIDIA's ability to deliver a competitive product. This was quite important, as the 6800 Ultra made a strong positive impression on a skeptical market, helping NVIDIA regain mindshare it had lost in the aftermath of the GeForce FX.
Like all of NVIDIA's GPUs up until 2004, initial 6800 members were designed for the AGP bus. NVIDIA added support for the PCI Express (PCIe) bus in later GeForce 6 products, usually by use of a AGP-PCIe bridge chip. In the case of the 6800GT and 6800Ultra, NVIDIA developed a variant of the NV40 chip called the NV45. The NV45 shares the same die core as the NV40, but embeds an AGP-PCIe bridge on the chip's package. (Internally, the NV45 is an AGP NV40 with added bus-translation logic, to permit interfacing with a PCIe motherboard. Externally, the NV45 is a single chip with two separate silicon dies clearly visible on the top.)
The use of an AGP-PCIe bridge chip initially led to fears that natively-AGP GPUs would not be able to take advantage of the additional bandwidth offered by PCIe and would therefore be at a disadvantage relative to native PCIe chips. However, benchmarking reveals that even AGP 4x is fast enough that most contemporary games do not improve significantly in performance when switched to AGP 8x, rendering the further bandwidth increase provided by PCIe largely superfluous. Additionally, NVIDIA's on-board implementations of AGP are clocked at AGP 12x or 16x, providing bandwidth comparable to PCIe for the rare situations when this bandwidth is actually necessary.
The use of a bridge chip allowed NVIDIA to release a full complement of PCIe graphics cards without having to redesign them for the PCIe interface. Later, when NVIDIA's GPUs were designed to use PCIe natively, the bidirectional bridge chip allowed them to be used in AGP cards. ATI, initially a critic of the bridge chip, eventually designed a similar mechanism for their own cards.
NVIDIA's professional Quadro line contains members drawn from the 6800 series: Quadro FX 4000 (AGP) and the Quadro FX 3400, 4400 and 4400g (both PCI Express). The 6800 series was also incorporated into laptops with the GeForce Go 6800 and Go 6800 Ultra GPUs.
[edit] PureVideo and the AGP GeForce 6800
PureVideo expanded the level of multimedia-video support from decoding of MPEG-2 video to decoding of more advanced codecs (MPEG-4, WMV9), enhanced post-processing (advanced de-interlacing), and limited acceleration for encoding. But perhaps ironically, the first GeForce product(s) to offer PureVideo, the AGP GeForce 6800/GT/Ultra, failed to support all of PureVideo's advertised features.
Media player software (WMP9) with support for WMV-acceleration did not become available until several months after the 6800's introduction. User and web reports showed little if any difference between PureVideo enabled GeForces and non-Purevideo cards. The prolonged public silence of NVIDIA, after promising updated drivers, and test benchmarks gathered by users led the user community to conclude that the WMV9 decoder component of the AGP 6800's PureVideo unit is either non-functional or intentionally disabled.
In late 2005, an update to NVIDIA's website finally confirmed what had long been suspected by the user community: WMV-acceleration is not available on the AGP 6800. Of course, computers with sufficiently fast CPUs are able to play WMV9 video without hardware acceleration.
[edit] GeForce 6 series general features
- 4, 8, 12, or 16 pixel-pipeline GPU architecture
- Up to 8x more shading performance compared to the previous generation
- CineFX 3.0 engine - DirectX 9 Shader Model 3.0 support
- On Chip Video processor (PureVideo)
- Full MPEG-2 encoding and decoding at GPU level (PureVideo)
- Advanced Adaptive De-Interlacing (PureVideo)
- DDR and GDDR-3 memory on a 256-bit wide Memory interface
- UltraShadow II technology - 3x to 4x faster than NV35 (GeForce FX 5900)
- High Precision Dynamic Range (HPDR) technology
- 128-bit studio precision through the entire pipeline - Floating-point 32-bit color precision
- IntelliSample 4.0 Technology - 16x Anisotropic Filtering, Rotating Grid Antialiasing and Transparency Antialiasing (see here)
- Max Resolution is 2048x1536@85 Hz
- Video Scaling and Filtering - HQ filtering techniques up to HDTV resolutions
- Integrated TV Encoder - TV-output up to 1028x768 resolutions
- OpenGL 2.0 Optimizations and support
- DVC 3.0 (Digital Vibrance Control)
- Dual 400 MHz RAMDACs which support QXGA displays up to 2048x1536 @ 85 Hz
- Dual DVI on select members (Depending on the Card Manufacturer.)
[edit] 6800 chipset table
| Board Name |
Core Type |
Core (MHz) |
Memory (MHz) |
Pipeline Config |
Vertex Processors |
Memory Interface |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6800 Ultra | NV40/NV45 | 400 | 1100 | 16 | 6 | 256-bit | |
| 6800 GT | NV40/NV45 | 350 | 1000 | 16 | 6 | 256-bit | |
| 6800 GS | NV40/NV42 | 350/425 | 1000 | 12 | 5 | 256-bit | |
| 6800 GTO | NV40/NV45 | 350 | 900 | 12 | 5 | 256-bit | |
| 6800 | NV40/NV41 NV42. |
325 | 700/600 | 12 | 5 | 256-bit | |
| 6800 XT | NV40/NV41/NV42 | 325/350/? | 700/1000+ | 8 | 4 | 128/256-bit | |
| 6800 LE | NV40 | 300 | 700 | 8 | 4 | 256-bit |
[edit] Notes
-The GeForce 6800 GS is cheaper to manufacture and has a lower MSRP than the GeForce 6800 GT because it has fewer pipelines and a smaller process (110 vs 130 nm), but performance is similar because it has a faster core clock. The AGP version, however, uses the original NV40 chip and 6800 GT circuit board and may be capable of re-activating the inactive pixel and vertex pipes. Unfortunately, the PCI Express version lacks them entirely, precluding such modifications.
-The 6800 GTO (which was produced only as an OEM card) contains four masked pixel pipelines and one masked vertex shader, which are potentially unlockable.
-The GeForce 6800 is often unofficially called the "GeForce 6800 Vanilla" or the "GeForce 6800 NU" (for Non-Ultra) to distinguish it from the other models. Recent PCIe variants have the NV41 (IBM 0.13 micrometre) or NV42 (TSMC 0.11 micrometre) cores, which are native PCIe implementations and do not have an integrated AGP bridge chip. The AGP version of the video card contains four masked pixel pipelines and one masked vertex shader, which are potentially unlockable through software mods. PCI-Express 6800 cards are incapable of such modifications, because the extra pixel pipelines and vertex buffers are nonexistent.
-The 6800 XT varies greatly depending on manufacturer. It is produced on three cores (NV40/NV41/NV42), four memory configurations (128MiB DDR, 256 MiB DDR, 128 MiB GDDR3, and 256 MiB GDDR3), and has clock speeds ranging from 300-425 (core) and 600-1000 (memory). 6800 XT cards based on the NV40 core contain eight masked pixel pipelines and two masked vertex shaders, and those based on the NV42 core contain four masked pipelines and one masked shader (for some reason, the NV42 cards are almost never unlockable. It is speculated that the pipelines are being laser-cut).
-The 6800 LE contains eight masked pixel pipelines and two masked vertex shaders, which are potentially unlockable.
[edit] GeForce 6600 Series
The GeForce 6600 (NV43) was officially launched on August 12th, 2004, several months after the launch of the 6800 Ultra. With half the pixel pipelines and vertex shaders of the 6800 GT, and a smaller 128-bit memory bus, the lower-performance and lower-cost 6600 is the mainstream product of the GeForce 6 series. The 6600 series retains the core rendering features of the 6800 series, including SLI. Equipped with fewer rendering units, the 6600 series processes pixel data at a slower rate than the more powerful 6800 series. However, the reduction in hardware resources, and migration to TSMC's 110 nanometer manufacturing process (versus the 6800's 130 nm process), make the 6600 both less expensive for NVIDIA to manufacture and less expensive for customers to purchase.
Their 6600 series currently has three variants: the GeForce 6600LE, the 6600, and the 6600GT (in order from slowest to fastest.) The 6600 GT performs quite a bit better than the GeForce FX 5950 Ultra or Radeon 9800 XT, with the 6600 GT scoring around 8000 in 3DMark03, while the GeForce FX 5950 Ultra scored around 6000, and it is also much cheaper. Notably, the 6600 GT offered identical performance to ATI's high-end X800 PRO graphics card when running the popular game Doom 3. It was also about as fast as the higher-end GeForce 6800 when running games without anti-aliasing.
At introduction, the 6600 family was only available in PCI Express form. AGP models became available roughly a month later, through the use of NVIDIA's AGP-PCIe bridge chip.
[edit] 6600 chipset table
| Board Name |
Core Type |
Core (MHz) |
Memory (MHz) |
Pipeline Config |
Vertex Processors |
Memory Interface |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6700 XL | NV43 | 525 | 1100 | 8 | 3 | 128-bit | |
| 6600 GT GDDR3 | NV43 | 500 | 900/1000 | 8 | 3 | 128-bit | |
| 6610 XL | NV43 | 400 | 800 | 8 | 3 | 128-bit | |
| 6600 GDDR2 | NV43 | 350 | 800 | 8 | 3 | 128-bit | |
| 6600 | NV43 | 300 | 500/550 | 8 | 3 | 128-bit | |
| 6600 LE | NV43 | 300 | 500 | 4 | 3 | 128-bit |
Other data for PCI Express based cards:
- Memory Interface: 128-bit
- Memory Bandwidth: 16.0 GB/sec.
- Fill Rate (pixels/sec.): 4.0 billion
- Vertices per Second: 375 million
- Memory Data Rate: 1000 MHz
- Pixels per Clock (peak): 8
- RAMDACs: 400 MHz
Other data for AGP based cards:
- Memory Interface: 128-bit
- Memory Bandwidth: 14.4 GB/sec.
- Fill Rate (pixels/sec.): 4.0 billion
- Vertices per Second: 375 million
- Memory Data Rate: 900 MHz
- Pixels per Clock (peak): 8
- RAMDACs 400 MHz
[edit] GeForce 6500
The GeForce 6500 was released in October 2005 and is based on the same NV44 core as the GeForce 6200TC, but with a higher GPU clock speed and more memory. The GeForce 6500 also supports SLI.
[edit] GeForce 6500
- Core Clock: 450 MHz
- Memory Clock: 700 MHz
- Pixel Pipelines: 4
- Number of ROPs: 2
- Vertex Processors: 3
- Memory: 128MiB/256MiB DDR on a 64-bit interface
- Fill Rate (pixels/sec): 1.6 billion
- Vertices per Second: 300 millon
- Effective Memory Bandwidth(GB/sec): 13.44
[edit] GeForce 6200
With just 4 pixel pipelines, the 6200 series forms NVIDIA's value/budget (low-end) product. The 6200 omits memory compression and SLI support, but otherwise offers similar rendering features as the 6600s. The currently shipping 6200 boards are based on the NV44 core (s), which is the final production silicon for the 6200 series.
However, at introduction, production silicon was not yet ready. NVIDIA fulfilled 6200 orders by shipping binned/rejected 6600 series cores (NV43V). The rejects were factory modified to disable four-pixel pipelines, thereby converting the native 6600 product into a 6200 product. Some users were able to "unlock" early 6200 boards through a software utility (effectively converting the 6200 back into a 6600 with the complete set of eight pixel pipelines total) if they owned boards with an NV43 A2 or earlier revision of the core. Thus, not all NV43-based 6200 boards could successfully be unlocked (specifically, those with a core revision of A4 or higher), and as soon as NV44 production silicon became available, NVIDIA discontinued shipments of downgraded NV43V cores.
[edit] GeForce 6200 chip specifications
[edit] GeForce 6200
- Core Clock: 300 MHz
- Memory Clock: 550 MHz
- Pixel Pipelines: 4
- Vertex Processors: 3
- Memory: 128 MiB/256 MiB/512 MiB [1] DDR on a 64-bit/128-bit interface
- MSRP, (RRP): 128 MiB: $129 USD, 256 MiB: $149 USD
[edit] GeForce 6200 TurboCache / AGP
The GeForce 6200 TurboCache / AGP (NV44/NV44a) is a natively four-pipeline version of the NV43. NV44 cards only have a very small (by modern standards) amount of memory, but make up for this by using system memory accessed through the PCI-Express bus.
[edit] GeForce 6200 TurboCache / AGP chip specifications
[edit] GeForce 6200 PCI-Express (NV44) TurboCache
- Core Clock: 350 MHz
- Memory Clock: 700 MHz
- Pixel Pipelines: 4
- Number of ROPs: 2
- Vertex Processors: 3
- Memory: 16 MiB/32 MiB/64 MiB DDR on a 32-bit/64-bit interface
- GeForce 6200 w/ TurboCache supporting 128 MiB, including 16 MiB of local TurboCache (32-bit)
- GeForce 6200 w/ TurboCache supporting 128 MiB, including 32 MiB of local TurboCache (64-bit)
- GeForce 6200 w/ TurboCache supporting 256 MiB, including 64 MiB of local TurboCache (64-bit)
[edit] GeForce 6200 AGP (NV44a) without TurboCache
- Core Clock: 350 MHz
- Memory Clock: 500/400 MHz
- Pixel Pipelines: 4
- Number of ROPs: 2
- Vertex Processors: 3
- Memory: 128-256 MiB DDR on a 64-bit interface
[edit] GeForce 6200 AGP (NV44a) without TurboCache
- Core Clock: 350 MHz
- Memory Clock: 532 MHz
- Pixel Pipelines: 4
- Vertex Processors: 3
- Memory: 256 MB DDR2 BGA on a 64-bit interface
(Only Chaintech and Sparkle are to known to make this card, SA62A)
[edit] GeForce 6200 PCI (NV44) without TurboCache
BFG Technologies introduced a unique PCI version of the GeForce 6200 in both its main and 3D Fuzion lines.
Since until recently these were the only two DirectX 9 PCI cards not based on the inferior GeForce FX family (or the discontinued Volari V3XT chip from XGI Technology), they could have arguably been called the best PCI video cards on the market. Though ATI fans would almost certainly argue that Radeon 9200-based DirectX 8 PCI cards are better, until recently ATI never offered DirectX 9 on the PCI bus. (However, VisionTek, a partner of ATI, has release a PCI version of its X1300 line.)
Currently the 256MB Geforce 6200 PCI is arguably the most powerful card for the PCI interface, making it popular among gamers without a PCI Express or AGP motherboard.
The 128MB version has retailed for extremely cheap (under $30 USD) and many consider it a great value for a backup PCI card (some cards in the early GeForce FX series retail for an equal or higher price).
Since Windows Vista requires DirectX 9 for its signature Windows Aero interface, the two BFG cards are likely to become a popular choice with integrated-graphics users without AGP or PCIe slots who wish to upgrade their video for Vista.
- Core Clock: 350 MHz
- Memory Clock: 400 MHz
- Pixel Pipelines: 4
- Memory: 256 (BFG Technologies 6200 OC PCI) / 128 (BFG Technologies 3DFuzion GeForce 6200 PCI) MiB DDR on a 64-bit interface
[edit] GeForce 6100 series
In late 2005 NVIDIA introduced a new member to the GeForce family, the 6100 series, also known as C51. The term GeForce 6100/6150 actually refers to an nForce4-based motherboard with an integrated NV44 core, as opposed to a standalone graphics card. NVIDIA released this product both to follow up its immensely popular GeForce4 MX based nForce and nForce2 boards and to compete with ATI's RS480/482 and Intel's GMA 900/950 in the integrated graphics space. The 6100 series is very competitive, usually tying with or just edging out the ATI products in most benchmarks.
The motherboards use two different types of southbridges - the nForce 410 and the nForce 430. They are fairly similar in features to the nForce4 Ultra motherboards that were on the market before them. Both feature PCI Express and PCI support, eight USB 2.0 ports, integrated sound, two Parallel ATA ports, and Serial ATA 3.0Gbit/s with Native Command Queuing (NCQ) - two SATA ports in the case of the 410, four in the 430. The 430 southbridge also supports Gigabit Ethernet with NVIDIA's ActiveArmor hardware firewall, while the 410 supports standard 10/100 ethernet only.
[edit] GeForce 6100 series chip specifications
Both the 6100 and 6150 support Shader Model 3.0 and DirectX 9.0c. The 6150 also features support for High-Definition video playback, PureVideo Processing, DVI, and video-out while the 6100 does not.
[edit] GeForce 6100
- Core Clock: 425 MHz
- Pixel Pipelines: 2
- Vertex Processors: 1
- Memory: Usually 32/64/128MiB shared DDR400
[edit] GeForce 6150
- Core Clock: 475 MHz
- Memory: Usually 16/32/64/128MiB shared DDR400
[edit] IntelliSample 4.0 and the GeForce 6 GPUs
Till recently, IntelliSample 4.0 was considered to be an exclusive feature of the GeForce 7 family of NVIDIA GPUs. However, version 91.47 of the NVIDIA ForceWare drivers enables the features of IntelliSample 4.0 on the GeForce 6 GPUs. IntelliSample 4.0 introduces two new antialiasing modes, known as Transparency Supersampling Antialiasing and Transparency Multisampling Antialiasing. These new antialiasing modes enhance the image quality of thin-lined objects such as fences, trees, vegetation and grass in various games.
One possible reason for the enabling of IntelliSample 4.0 for GeForce 6 GPUs might be the fact that the GeForce 7100 GS GPUs are based on NV44 chips, the same as the GeForce 6200 models. Because of this, NVIDIA had to backport IntelliSample 4.0 features to the NV4x GPUs, and as a result, the entire GeForce 6 family is able to enjoy the benefits of Transparency Antialiasing.
It was already well known across various communities that Transparency Antialiasing could be used on GeForce 6 GPUs by using some third party tweak tools.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- NVIDIA: GeForce 6 Series Product Overview
- NVIDIA PureVideo Technology page
- Inside nVidia NV40
- Transparency Antialiasing on GeForce 6 GPUs
[edit] Reviews
- Tom's Hardware
- Anandtech
- nvNews
- Beyond 3D
- Guru3D Nvidia GeForce 6 Series and ATi X Series
- X-bit Labs Second Generation of Integrated Graphics from NVIDIA: GeForce 6150 and GeForce 6100
- Nvidia Graphic Card Geforce 6600 GT Review
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