Goaltender
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the goaltender in ice hockey. For the similar position in other sports, see Goalkeeper.
The goaltender (also known colloquially as goalie or netminder) in ice hockey is the player who defends his team's goal net by stopping shots of the puck from entering his team's net, thus preventing the opposing team from scoring. The goalie usually plays in or near the area in front of the net called the goal crease (often referred to simply as the crease). Due to the power and frequency of shots, the goaltender wears special equipment designed to protect the body from direct impact. No more than one player on each hockey team plays as goalie at any one time in a game.
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[edit] Goaltender play in ice hockey
[edit] Privileges
Goaltender is typically a specialized position in ice hockey; at higher levels in the game, no goalies play other positions and no other players play goalie. A typical ice hockey team may have on its roster two or three goaltenders. The goaltender has special privileges that other players do not. He or she wears special goaltending equipment that is subject to different regulations from those regarding the gear of other players. The goalie may legally hold (or freeze) the puck with his or her hands to cause a stoppage of play. If a player from the other team hits him or her without making an attempt to get out of his or her way, the offending player is penalized. In some leagues, if a goalie's stick breaks, he or she can continue playing with a broken stick until the play is stopped, unlike other players who must drop any broken sticks immediately.
[edit] Saves
When a goalie blocks or stops a shot from going into his goal net, that action is called a save. Goalies often use a particular style, but in general they makes saves any way they can: catching the puck with their glove hand, deflecting the shot with their stick, blocking it with their leg pads or blocker or another part of their body, collapsing to butterfly position to block any low shot is coming, especially if it is in close proximity. After making a save, controlling the rebound is attempted so to avoid a goal scored by an opposing player when the goaltender is out of position ('scoring on a rebound'), or simply to allow the goalie's own team to get control of the puck. Goalies often catch a shot if they can to better control how it re-enters play. If there is immediate pressure, a goalie may choose to hold on to the puck (for a second or more, with judgement from the referee) to stop play for a face-off. If a goalie holds on to the puck for too long without any pressure they may be subject to a 2-minute 'delay of game' penalty. Recently, in the NHL and AHL, goalies have been restricted as to where they can play the puck behind the net. See also shot on goal, save percentage, and goals against average.
[edit] Glossary & technique
Angle play: The method where, by positioning themselves in a direct line between the shooter and the net, a goaltender covers more of the net than he/she would otherwise be able to. One of the most notable angle goaltenders was Bernie Parent.
Blocker: Worn on the right hand (for right-handed goaltenders), the blocker is a rectangular piece of equipment with a glove to hold the stick. It protects the wrist area, and can be used to direct shots away from the net. The blocker should be positioned at one's side, and at a height which allows the goaltender's stick to remain flat on the ice.
Butterfly save: On low shots, modern goaltenders usually work in the "butterfly" position, keeping their knees together and their stick covering their five-hole. The glove is kept up, ready for a possible deflection, and the goaltender is focused on the incoming shot.
Holes one through seven: There exist seven distinct positions a goaltender needs to cover:
- At the corner of the net on the ice on the goaltender's stick side.
- At the corner of the net on the ice on the goaltender's glove side.
- On the goaltender's glove side, near the upper crossbar.
- On the goaltender's stick side, near the upper crossbar.
- Between the goaltender's legs. The five-hole is the only hole named by number in the present age.
- Between the goaltender's torso and the stick side.
- Between the goaltender's torso and the glove side.
Leg pads: Worn on the goaltender's legs to both protect the legs and help stop shots. The leg pads may not be more than twelve inches in width. The leg pads should come to about three inches above the knee. Pads which are too long will affect balance and timing; pads which are too short will not protect the knees properly.
Leg pad save: A save made with any part of the leg pads. The goaltender should remain relaxed and skate backwards with the incoming shot, thus helping to absorb the blow and reduce the rebound effect. One type of leg pad save is the butterfly save.
Lie: The angle created between the handle of a goaltender's stick and the paddle. The higher the lie, the closer the stick resembles the capital letter "L".
Paddle: The thick part of the goaltender's stick; the paddle should remain flat on the ice as often as possible.
Paddle down: A type of stance by the goaltender when the play is coming from the corner to the front of the net and the puck carrier is carrying the puck in front of the net looking to score. Here the goaltender puts the stick down on the ground, perpendicular to the ice, with the leg farthest from the post down and the other up and ready to push. This works well against angled rushes or wraparounds where the skater would normally out skate the goalie. The skater does have the top part of the net to shoot at, but lifting the puck over the goalie from up close tends to be difficult. The paddle down stance is also effective against low passes from behind the net to players looking to score from the slot.
Poke check: When the goaltender wants to poke the puck away from an opposing puck-carrier, he/she quickly slides his hand up the stick, thrusting forward towards the puck. This is a dangerous move, and occasionally the goaltender will miss and the puck-carrier will be left with an unguarded net.
Screen shot: Screen shots are blind shots. In the screen shot, another player (usually an opponent, but sometimes the goaltender's own teammate) stands between the shooter and the goaltender, obscuring the goaltender's vision of the shot. On a screen shot, the goaltender must do everything possible to try to see the shot, dropping to the butterfly stance and thrusting their trapper out at the sound of a shot. Some goalies, such as Ed Belfour or Ron Hextall, go as far as (illegally) punching players in the head or slashing their legs.
Shuffle: A technique for lateral movement when the puck is relatively close to the net. The goaltender slides his/her legs, one at a time, in the desired direction. If the goaltender is not quick this techniques momentarily leaves the five-hole open. This is the most common method of movement for a goaltender.
Skate save: A save made with the goaltender's skate. The goaltender decides which direction the rebound should travel in, and turns his/her skate in that direction. Then, bending the other leg, he/she pushes towards the puck with the off leg, as the bent knee drops to the ice. This move is rarely used and widly thought of as "not effective"
Skating: A common fallacy is that the goaltender can get by with merely adequate skating, and oftentimes young players are placed in net due to their poor skating. In fact, the goaltender must be one of the best technical skaters on the team, and must be able to keep up with the moves of every skater on opposing teams. In particular, goaltenders must be adept at lateral skating and quick pivoting.
Stacking the pads: When a goaltender is on the angle, often a sudden pass close to the net will leave the net relatively unguarded. Stacking the pads is a desperation move in which the goaltender slides feet-first, with legs together (and consequently, "stacked"), towards the potential shooter, attempting to cover as much space as possible.
Stance: In a proper stance, the goaltender has the weight on the balls of his/her feet, the trapper and blocker just above knee-height, and the stick flat on the ice. Stance should also be conformed to the goaltenders style and comfort.
Stick: The stick, held by the goaltender in their blocker hand, the blade of the stick should remain flat on the ice. Keep notice of the lie on a new stick. A high lie will force a goaltender to play on their heels, offsetting balance, while a low lie places a goaltender lower to the ice, and may affect high saves.
Stick save: A save made with the goaltender's stick. On stick saves, the goaltender should not keep a tight grip on the stick, instead allowing the shot's momentum to push the stick back into the skates/pads, cushioning the blow.
T-push: A technique used by goaltenders to move in a lateral direction. To perform a t-push, a goaltender directs his/her outside skate in the desired direction, pushing with both legs, covering the five hole. This method of lateral movement is most effective when the puck is far from the net. Use of this move when the puck is in close will result in a goal through the "5 Hole"
Telescoping: An advanced form of angle play, telescoping is the method where a goaltender moves such that the net is effectively covered, and the distance travelled is minimized.
Trapper: Also called simply "Glove" is worn on the left hand (for right-handed goaltenders), and similar in shape to a fielder's mitt in baseball, the trapper is usually the goaltender's strong point.[citation needed] The trapper should be kept at knee height, just above the leg pad, and should be open at all times. To stop play with the trapper, the goaltender catches the puck, then brings the trapper in towards his/her chest to prevent an opponent from knocking the puck away.
[edit] Playing styles
[edit] Stand-up style
There are many ways to stop the puck and methods of doing this have been created over. The oldest one is the "Stand-up" style. In this style you stop the puck from a standing position, not going down. The Goalies may bend over to stop the puck with their upper body or may kick the puck. Those saves made by kicking are known as kick saves or skate saves. They may also simply use their stick to stop it. This was the style seen in the early NHL and was most commonly used up until the early 90's. One of the more notable goalies who was last seen using stand up was Kirk Mclean, but most of the goalies from earlier decades such as Jacques Plante were goalies who were considered pure stand up goalies. Martin Brodeur generally still uses this style, one of the few NHL goalies to do so.
[edit] Toes up style
The style that came after "Stand-up" was "Toes Up". In this style a goalie will go down to stop the puck and will kick their pads out wards with their toes pointed towards the ceiling. From this position goalies found more success stopping pucks down low than they had in stand up position. This was seen most often from the 70's through mid 90's. Grant Fuhr was the most notable goalie of this style and made a living off amazing and difficult looking saves from this style.
[edit] Butterfly style
Another style is the "Butterfly", where goalies go down with both pads with their toes pointing out wards and the tops of their pads meeting in the middle. It often will stop pucks from going in from low angle due to the lack of holes. Early innovators of this style were goaltending greats Glenn Hall and Tony Esposito, who played their careers during the 50's-60's, and 70's-80's respectively. Hall is generally credited to be among the very first to use this style, and both he and Esposito had tremendous success with it. This is the most widely used style in the NHL today. "Butterfly" goalies have developed methods of sliding in the "Butterfly" position in order to move around fast in one timer situations. Patrick Roy is perhaps the greatest goalie to have employed this style. As pad size increased it became a more notable style of goaltending and is still currently evolving.
[edit] Penalties and substitutions
A goalie can get a penalty like any other player, but the goalie tends to have less bodily contact with players from the opposing team and therefore rarely gets a penalty. When he or she does get a penalty, the coach is allowed to select another player, who was on the ice at the time of the infraction, to sit in the penalty box for him or her, unless the goalie has been penalized for fighting. Goalies skate around the ice rink much less during play than other players and are substituted far less frequently in a game; typically, unless he or she performs poorly, a goalie plays out the entire game. As of the 2005-2006 NHL season, if a goalie touches the puck while in the restricted area behind the goal line, the goalie is penalized for delay of game.
[edit] Empty net situations
Normally, the goalie plays in or near the goal crease the whole game. However, there are a couple of situations when a goalie may leave the ice rink to be substituted by an attacking player to increase his or her team's chance of scoring a goal. A team temporarily playing with no goalie is said to be playing with an empty net. If the opposing team commits a penalty while the goalie's team has control of the puck, the goalie may leave to be substituted because as soon as the penalized team gets control of the puck, play is stopped by the referee to issue the penalty, before they can score a goal (called a delayed penalty). However, if the team with an empty net puts the puck in their own goal net by mistake, the goal still counts against them.
Also, during the last minute or so of a game, if a team is likely to lose anyway because they are a goal behind and the puck and playing action are on the other team's side of the ice rink, the coach may decide to have the goalie leave the rink to be substituted by an attacking player to increase the team's chance of scoring a goal to tie the game. Since no goalie is protecting the empty net, it is easier for the opposing team to score an empty net goal.
[edit] NHL goaltender awards
- The Vezina Trophy is awarded each year by the NHL to the league's most outstanding goaltender as determined by the general managers of the teams.
- The William M. Jennings Trophy is awarded each year by the NHL to the goaltender(s) from the team that allowed the fewest goals during the regular season.
- The Roger Crozier Saving Grace Award is awarded each year by the NHL to the goaltender with the best save percentage during the regular season.
[edit] Goalies credited with goals
A goalie scoring a goal in an NHL game is a very rare feat. Ron Hextall and Martin Brodeur have both accomplished this twice, each doing so once in the regular season and once in the playoffs. Damian Rhodes and José Théodore are the only goalies in NHL history to score a goal in a shutout game.
Antero Niittymäki of the AHL's Philadelphia Phantoms is the only known professional goalie to score in overtime, doing so when the Hershey Bears, needing a win in their last game to make the playoffs, pulled their goalie and an errant pass wound up in their net.
A chronological list of goals scored in the NHL by goalies:
- Billy Smith, November 28, 1979 ¹
- Ron Hextall, December 8, 1987
- Ron Hextall, April 11, 1989 (shorthanded) ²
- Chris Osgood, March 6, 1996
- Martin Brodeur, April 17, 1997 ²
- Damian Rhodes, January 2, 1999 ¹
- Martin Brodeur, February 15, 2000 (game-winning) ¹
- José Théodore, January 2, 2001
- Evgeni Nabokov, March 10, 2002 (power play)
- Mika Noronen, February 14, 2004 ¹
- Chris Mason, April 15, 2006 ¹
¹ Goals awarded due to the goalie being the last player on his team to touch the puck before the opposition scored on themselves.
² Scored in the playoffs
See also: NHL Goalies who have scored in a game
[edit] See also
| Positions on the Hockey Rink | ||||
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| Forwards: |  |
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| Defencemen: |
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| Goaltender: |
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| Power forward | Enforcer | Captain | Head coach | Referee & linesman | ||||
[edit] External links
- The Goalies Archive Complete goaltending history of every NHL and WHA teams
- HockeyGoalies.org Comprehensive list of goalies
- Goalie Nicknames
- Mitch Korn Website, Goalie Coach for the Preds
- WOCKEY Free Goalie Drill Book (cc) (powerpoint)
