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Atheris ceratophora - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Atheris ceratophora

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

iAtheris ceratophora

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Viperidae
Subfamily: Viperinae
Genus: Atheris
Species: A. ceratophora
Binomial name
Atheris ceratophora
Werner, 1895
Synonyms
  • Atheris ceratophora - Werner, 1895
  • Atheris ceratophorus - Boulenger, 1896
  • Atheris ceratophora - Broadley, 1996[1]

Common names: Usambara bush viper,[2] horned bush viper,[3] eyelash bush viper,[4] more.


Atheris ceratophora is a venomous viper species found only in a few mountain ranges in Tanzania. This is the only horned, arboreal viper in Africa.[2] No subspecies are currently recognized.[5]

Contents

[edit] Description

Grown to a maximum length of 54 cm. Females slightly larger than males. The maximum length for a male is reported to be 42 cm, the tail of which measured 8 cm.[6]

A. ceratophora
Enlarge
A. ceratophora

Easily recognized by a set of 3-5 horn-like superciliary scales above each eye. The rostral scale has more than twice the length of its width. It has 9 upper labials. The chin shield contacts 3 of the lower labials.[6]

Mid-body, the dorsal scales number 21-25. The ventral scale count is 142-152. There are 41-56 subcaudals.[6]

The color pattern consists of a yellowish-green, olive, gray or black ground color. This may or may not be overlaid by variable markings, sometimes in the form of irregular black spots or cross-bars that may be lined with yellow or white spots. The belly is dirty orange to almost black in color, sometimes with dark spots.[2]

[edit] Common names

Usambara bush viper,[2] horned bush viper,[3] eyelash bush viper,[4] Usambara mountain bush viper.[6]

[edit] Geographic range

The Usambara and Uzungwe Mountains in Tanzania. The type locality is "Usambara" Mountains [Tanzania].[1] They are probably also found in the Uluguru Mountains.[2]

[edit] Habitat

Found in grass and low bushes about 1 m above the ground[2] in woodlands and forests at altitudes of 700-2000 m.

[edit] Behavior

Like other Atheris species, it is probably active mainly at night, or at dawn or dusk.

[edit] See also

[edit] Cited references

  1. ^ a b McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, TourĂ© T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  2. ^ a b c d e f Spawls S, Branch B. 1995. The Dangerous Snakes of Africa. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. ISBN 0-88359-029-8.
  3. ^ a b Species Atheris ceratophora at the EMBL Reptile Database
  4. ^ a b World of Atheris: Atheris ceratophora at kingsnake.com
  5. ^ Atheris ceratophora (TSN 634942). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed on 13 July 2006.
  6. ^ a b c d Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.

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