Closing Time (novel)
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Closing Time, first published in 1994, is Joseph Heller's sequel to the popular Catch-22. It takes place in New York City in the 1990s, and revisits some characters of the original -- Yossarian, Milo Minderbinder and Chaplain Tappman.
Just like the original Catch-22, this sequel opens with Yossarian in a hospital bed, flirting with the nurses. Now in his late sixties, Yossarian is depressed by his perfect health: things can only get worse. He lives alone in a Manhattan apartment not far from most of his old war buddies, including Milo Minderbinder, a defense contractor straight out of Dr. Strangelove. Yossarian and company mourn the decline of New York City and American culture in general and look back longingly to the golden age of prewar Coney Island. The symbolic center of the book is a surreal wedding extravaganza held at the Port Authority Bus Terminal and hosted by Minderbinder, who recruits highly paid actors to portray derelicts and prostitutes.
At the end of Closing Time, both Yossarian and the chaplain may commit passive suicide. Both were deep within the bowels of the earth, safe from a possibly impending nuclear holocaust the President of the United States launched believing he was playing a video game. Both decided to go back to the surface. Yossarian decides to keep his lunch date with his girlfriend; the chaplain boards a bus to go home to Kenosha, Wisconsin.
This work attempts the same sort of giddy black humor that made its predecessor a classic, but the underlying mood is somber, almost elegiac.
The book is an oddity, in that two stories are interwoven throughout - that of Yossarian, and that of Sammy Singer, who is named as the tailgunner in Catch-22 who kept waking up and fainting when he saw Yossarian trying to attend to the wounds of Snowden. The tale of Sammy Singer is completely different in mood and style, and seems to be an attempt either at writing a novel within a novel, or of trying to combine two unfinished works. The tale of Sammy Singer is extremely nostalgic, is written in the first person, and is very Jewish in viewpoint. The only connections between the two stories are Catch-22, references made by Singer to Yossarian and the war, and a chance meeting of the two.
[edit] Inconsistencies
Yossarian was 28 in Catch-22, which took place in 1944. In Closing Time, Yossarian is 68, and the time of Catch-22 is referred to as 45 years ago. Obviously, the math does not work.
[edit] Trivia
In the December 1987 issue of Playboy magazine, a chapter that had been cut from the novel was published under the title "Yossarian Survives." It featured a physical-education instructor named Rogoff.
Milo Minderbinder and Wintergreen's business is called "M&M, E&A Commercial (...) Inc." (ex: "M&M, E&A Commercial Catering Inc.", "M&M, E&A Commercial Killing Inc.", etcetera). M&M, E&A stands for "Milo & Minderbinder, Enterprises & Associates". Yossarian describes his role in the corporation as "one of the associates".
| Works by Joseph Heller |
|---|
| Novels: Catch-22 ǀ Something Happened ǀ Good As Gold ǀ God Knows ǀ No Laughing Matter ǀ Picture This ǀ Closing Time ǀ Portrait Of The Artist As An Old Man Short Stories : Catch As Catch Can: The Collected Stories and Other Writings ǀ Three Short Stories Of Utter Annoyance |
