Deptford
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Deptford | |
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| Location | |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference: | TQ365775 |
| Latitude: | 51.479917° |
| Longitude: | -0.033372° |
| Administration | |
| London borough: | Lewisham and Greenwich |
| County level: | Greater London |
| Region: | London |
| Constituent country: | England |
| Sovereign state: | United Kingdom |
| Other | |
| Ceremonial county: | Greater London |
| Historic county: | Kent |
| Services | |
| Police force: | Metropolitan Police |
| Fire brigade: | London Fire Brigade |
| Ambulance service: | London Ambulance |
| Post office and telephone | |
| Post town: | LONDON |
| Postal district: | SE8 |
| Dialling code: | 020 |
| Politics | |
| UK Parliament: | |
| London Assembly: | Greenwich and Lewisham |
| European Parliament: | London |
| London | List of places in London | |
Deptford [dɛtfəd] is an area of the London Borough of Lewisham, on the south bank of the River Thames in south-east London. An area of the same name can be found in the City of Sunderland.
Contents |
[edit] Position
The name Deptford — "deep ford" (Latin vadum profundum) — is derived from the place where the road to London from Dover and the channel ports crosses the River Ravensbourne; the tidal reach of which is also known as Deptford Creek.
Deptford, originally part of historic Kent, became the Metropolitan Borough of Deptford, but was later absorbed into Lewisham. The Deptford town hall and many other council buildings still remain, but are used for other purposes.
The pilgrimage route to Canterbury from London, followed by the pilgrims in Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales", crosses the Ravensbourne at Deptford. The town is mentioned in the Prologue to the Reeve's Tale.
The north-eastern corner of Deptford lies in the London Borough of Greenwich. The boundary runs along Watergate Street, Creek Road, Deptford Church Street, Bronze Street, Creekside and Copperas Street to Deptford Creek.
[edit] History
The Battle of Deptford Bridge took place on 17 June 1497 on a site adjacent to the River Ravensbourne. Rebels from Cornwall, led by Michael An Gof, had marched on London aiming to free Cornwall of its Norman rulers. Unable to muster support from people in Kent (the focus of Jack Cade's rebellion of 1450), they were soundly beaten by the King's forces.
In 1513, King Henry VIII decided to site a naval dockyard at Deptford, and this remained in operation until March 1869. It was here that Russian Tsar Peter the Great studied shipbuilding for three months in 1698. He and some of his fellow Russians stayed at Sayes Court, the manor house of Deptford, where the absent owner was the diarist John Evelyn. Evelyn inherited the house when he married the daughter of Sir Richard Browne in 1652. On his return to England at the Restoration, Evelyn had laid out meticulously planned gardens in the French style or hedges and parterres. He was seriously upset that Peter's friends got drunk and using a wheelbarrow with Peter in it succeeded in ramming their way through a fine holly hedge. Both house and garden have disappeared, but the site, still called "Sayes Court" and entered from Evelyn Street near Deptford High Street, is a run-down public park.
St Nicholas's Church, the parish church, dates back to the 14th century but the current building is 17th century. The entrance to the churchyard features a set of skull-and-bones on top of the posts. A plaque on the north wall commemorates playwright Christopher Marlowe, murdered in a nearby tavern on — according to the church's own records — 1 June 1593.
Diarist John Evelyn lived in Deptford at Sayes Court from 1652 (Peter the Great was a tenant there after Evelyn had moved to Surrey in 1694; in its grounds was a cottage at one time rented by master wood carver Grinling Gibbons). Part of the estates around the house were purchased in 1742 for the building of the Admiralty Victualling Yard, later (1858) renamed the Royal Victoria Yard. This massive facility included warehouses, a bakery, a cattleyard/abattoir and sugar stores. It closed in 1960.
Its railway station is one of the oldest suburban stations in the world, being built (c.1836-38) as part of the first suburban service (the London and Greenwich Railway), between London Bridge and Greenwich. Close to Deptford Creek is a Victorian pumping station built in 1864, part of the massive London sewerage system designed by civil engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette.
Deptford was the location of the foreign cattle markets - the notorious "gutting sheds" in which girls and women worked in squalor gutting animals until the early part of the 20th century. These were the subject of the play "The Gut Girls" by Sarah Daniels.
[edit] Deptford Today
Deptford is being gradually re-developed and is a neighbourhood of London with a lively street market and High Street. In February 2005, Deptford High Street was described as “the capital's most diverse and vibrant high street” by Yellow Pages business directory, using a unique mathematical formula. A large former industrial site by the Thames called Convoy's Wharf is scheduled to be redeveloped shortly. This will involve the construction of around 3,500 new homes and an extension of the town centre northwards towards the river. Much of the area along Creek Road, close to Greenwich, has also been redeveloped, with the demolition of the old Deptford Power Station and Rose Bruford College buildings.
The Albany Theatre has a lively community arts programme. Lewisham Law Centre (one of the oldest law centres in the country, founded in 1974) is also based in the area. The Laban Dance Centre, opened in February 2003 and designed by Swiss architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, is an award-winning new building next to Deptford Creek.
Deptford was also one of the first areas in south-east London to be served by a 'bendy bus' route. These long, articulated vehicles are superseding some double-decker buses within greater London, offering easier access and faster boarding times due to multiple door sets.
The area, along with neighbouring New Cross, has been touted as 'the new Shoreditch' by some newspapers and magazines, due to its supposedly developing arts and music scene. Sceptics, however, point out that area has been an artistic and musical hotbed since at least the mid-70s (associated with the then-burgeoning squatter scene) and that the only new phenomenon is that of 'lifestyle' journalists venturing south of the river in search of cool. Among the famous musicians who started in the area are Jools Holland, Dire Straits and, more recently, Athlete. It ought to be of little surprise that many artists live and work in such close proximity to Goldsmiths College.
Lewisham Council recently granted permission for the last remnants of the Deptford Ragged School known as The Princess Louise Institute to be demolished and replaced by flats.
[edit] Famous residents
- John Cleveley (18th century maritime artist).
- Olaudah Equiano (African slave - frequent visitor rather than resident).
- John Evelyn, (1620-1706), writer, gardener and diarist. Lived at Sayes Court (which no longer exists).
- John Gast, (1772-1837), worked in the Deptford shipyards and helped to organise the Thames shipwrights' strike in 1802. He was also a dissenting preacher and ran the King of Prussia pub at 6 Union Street (now Albury Street), Deptford.
- George Julian Harney, (1817-1897), radical Chartist, was born in Deptford, the son of George Harney, a sailor.
- Jools Holland, (b. 1958), Blues Musician and TV personality for the BBC, played in Squeeze from 1974 until August 1980. He returned to play with the group several times during the 1980s, as well as developing other music projects and his television career. In 1994, Holland started touring with his own Rhythm & Blues Orchestra and has continued to do so.
- Margaret McMillan, socialist and early years education pioneer, opened one of the first nursery schools in Deptford in 1910. Rachel McMillan Nursery School is still open today.
- Peter I of Russia, (1672-1725), Emperor of Russia 1682-1725. Lived in Deptford at Sayes Court, a house rented from John Evelyn for about 3 months in 1698 while he studied shipbuilding in the adjacent shipyard. He and his entourage supposedly caused considerable damage to the house and grounds.
[edit] Transport
Nearest tube or DLR stations:
- Deptford Bridge DLR
- Greenwich DLR
- Cutty Sark DLR
- Canada Water (East London Line, Jubilee Line)
- Surrey Quays (East London Line)
- New Cross (East London Line)
- New Cross Gate (East London Line)
Nearest railway stations:
[edit] Nearest places
[edit] External links
- The Ahoy Centre (sailing and rowing)
- The Albany Theatre
- Lewisham Law Centre
- Blackredstarts (ornithology in Deptford)
- Boundless (Community Wireless Broadband Network)
- Deptford TV
- Deptford X (Annual arts festival)
- Painting of Deptford Docks by John Cleveley the elder
- The Ragged School Blog
- St Paul's Church (Deptford)
- Temporary Contemporary (art)
- Voluntary Action Lewisham (Deptford)
