George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon
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George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon PC, KG (24 October 1827 – 9 July 1909) was a British politician who served in every Liberal cabinet from 1861 until his death forty-eight years later. He had no career other than politics.
Robinson was born at 10 Downing Street, London (the Prime Minister's residence), the second son of the Prime Minister, Lord Goderich. Although his father had been a Tory, he was first a Whig and later a Liberal. He entered the House of Commons as member for Hull in 1852, and later sat for Huddersfield and the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1859 he succeeded his father as Earl of Ripon and Viscount Goderich, taking his seat in the House of Lords, and later that year succeeded a cousin in the more senior title of Earl de Grey.
In 1861 de Grey first took office, and was then a member of every Liberal Cabinet until his death. In 1863, he was made a Privy Counsellor. He was Secretary of State for War (1863–66) under Palmerston and Secretary of State for India in 1866 under Russell. In Gladstone's first administration he was Lord President of the Council (1868–73). During this period he acted as chairman of the joint commission for drawing up the Treaty of Washington with the United States. For this he was created Marquess of Ripon. He was also made a Knight of the Garter in 1869. He was Grand Master Mason from 1870 to 1874, when Lord Ripon converted to Catholicism.
When Gladstone returned to power in 1880 he appointed Ripon Viceroy of India, an office he held until 1884. During his time in India, Ripon introduced legislation (the "Ilbert Bill," named for his secretary Courtenay Ilbert) that would have granted native Indians more legal rights, including the right of Indian judges to judge Europeans in court. Though progressive in its intent, this legislation was gutted by the British Parliament who did not want to lose their legal superiority. In Gladstone's 1886 government he was First Lord of the Admiralty, and in that of 1892–95 he was Secretary of State for the Colonies. When the Liberals again returned to power in 1905 he took office, aged 78, as Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords. He resigned in 1908.
He was Chancellor of the University of Leeds from 1904 until his death in 1909.
A devout Catholic in his later years, Ripon was generous in educational and charitable works. He was president of the Society of St Vincent de Paul from 1899 until his death and a great supporter of St. Joseph's Catholic Missionary Society. In 1851 he married his cousin Henrietta Vyner: they had two children.
Lord Ripon is very much revered in Chennai (formerly Madras), India. The Corporation of Chennai Building has been named after Lord Ripon and Ripon building is very much in the daily lingo of Chennai people even today.
[edit] Reference
- This page incorporates information from Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page.
| Leaders of the Liberal Party | ||
| 1859-1916 | House of Lords: Granville | Russell | Granville | Kimberley | Rosebery | Kimberley | Ripon | Crewe House of Commons: Palmerston | Gladstone | Hartington | Gladstone | Harcourt | Campbell-Bannerman | Asquith |
|
| 1916-1988 | Asquith | Maclean | Asquith | Lloyd George | Samuel | Sinclair | Davies | Grimond | Thorpe | Grimond | Steel | |
Categories: 1827 births | 1909 deaths | Marquesses in the Peerage of the United Kingdom | Baronets in the Baronetage of England | Children of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom | People from Westminster | Viceroys of India | Lord Presidents of the Council | Lords Privy Seal | British Secretaries of State | Members of the United Kingdom Parliament from English constituencies | Knights of the Garter | Liberal MPs (UK) | UK Liberal Party politicians | UK Whig politicians | British Freemasons | UK MPs 1852-1857 | UK MPs 1857-1859
