Haplogroup Q (Y-DNA)
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In human genetics, Haplogroup Q (M242) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.
Haplogroup Q is a branch of haplogroup P (M45). It is believed to have arisen in Siberia approximately 15,000 to 20,000 years ago.
This haplogroup contains the patrilineal ancestors of many Siberians and (through its subgroup Q3) almost all of the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Haplogroup Q Y-chromosomes are also found scattered at a low frequency throughout Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia. This haplogroup is surprisingly diverse despite its negligible frequency among most populations outside of Siberia or the Americas, and at least six primary subclades have been sampled and identified in modern populations.
The initial migration from Asia into Alaska across the Bering Strait was done by haplogroup Q populations, approximately 15,000 years ago. This founding population spread throughout the Americas.
Once in the Americas, haplogroup Q underwent a mutation, producing its descendant haplogroup Q3 (M3), which is the modal Y-chromosome haplogroup among almost all the indigenous peoples of the Americas.
[edit] Subgroups
The subclades of Haplogroup Q with their defining mutation(s), according to the 2006 ISOGG tree:
- Q (MEH2, M242, P36)
- Q*
- Q1 (M120, N14 (M265))
- Q1*
- Q1a (M378)
- Q2 (M25, M143)
- Q3 (M3) Typical of indigenous peoples of the Americas
- Q3*
- Q3a (M19)
- Q3b (M194)
- Q3c (M199)
- Q4 (P48)
- Q5 (M323)
- Q6 (M346)
[edit] External links
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