Kremenets
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kremenets (Ukrainian: Кременець, translit. Kremenets’ Polish: Krzemieniec, Russian: Кременец) is a city in the Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Kremenetsky Raion (district), and rests 18 km north-east of the great Pochayiv Monastery. The city is situated in the historic region of Volhynia.
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[edit] History
According to some sources Kremenets fortress was build in VIII-IX century, and later was a part of Kievan Rus’. The first documented references to the fortress are given in Polish encyclopedic dictionary of year 1064. The first reference in Old Slavic literature is dated by year 1226 when the city ruler, Mstislav the Bold smashed Hungarian army of King Andrew II near the city. During the Mongol invasion of Rus in 1240-41 Kremenets was one of few cities that Batu Khan failed to capture.
The city obtained Magdeburg rights in 1431.
In the fall of 1648 Cossack polkovnyk Maksym Kryvonos surrounded the Kremenets fortress. In October, after six weeks of fight the Polish garrison surrendered, and the fortress was left severely damaged. The fortress has never been rebuilt since that time.
In 1795 Kremenets was annexed by the Russian Empire thorough the Third Partition of Poland. It remained a part of the empire until World War I.
[edit] 20th century
In 1921, it was annexed by the Second Polish Republic. Under Russian and Polish rule, Kremenets was a Uyezd (district) in Volhynia Gubernia (province).
Finally in 1939 it was annexed by USSR and became part of the Ukrainian SSR. The city played an active role in the Soviet partisan movement and was liberated from Nazi Germany in 1944. Since then it has grown and was the regional centre of the rayon.
[edit] Today
Today its industry is mostly reliant on Orthodox pilgrims who come to the Pochayiv Lavra.
[edit] Famous people
- Juliusz Słowacki Polish romantic poet.
- Isaac Stern
- Mark Kac (Mathematical Physicist)
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Subdivisions of Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine |  |
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Raions: Berezhanskyi | Borshchivskyi | Buchatskyi | Chortkivskyi | Husiatynskyi | Kozivskyi | Kremenetskyi | Lanovetskyi | Monastyryskyi | Pidhaietskyi | Pidvolochyskyi | Shumskyi | Terebovlianskyi | Ternopilskyi | Zalishchytskyi | Zbarazkyi | Zborivskyi |
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Cities: Berezhany | Borshchiv | Buchach | Chortkiv | Khorostkiv | Kopychyntsi | Kremenets | Lanivtsi | Monastyryska | Pidhaitsi | Pochaiv | Shumsk | Skalat | Terebovlia | Ternopil | Zalischyky | Zbarazh | Zboriv |
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Urban-type settlements: Husiatyn | Kozova | Pidvolochysk | more... |
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Villages: Budaniv | Okopy | Shutromintsy| more... |
