Mars (Doctor Who)
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Mars, the fourth planet in our solar system, has been featured in the Whoniverse on a number of occasions. In the various Doctor Who serials which feature the Ice Warriors, mention is made that Mars is their homeworld.
[edit] History within the show
In Image of the Fendahl, the Fourth Doctor suggests that nine million years prior to the 20th century, the malevolent entity known as the Fendahl passed by Mars on its way to Earth, fleeing the efforts of the Time Lords to trap it forever in a time loop.
Mars at that point was described as "dead", but from other accounts it is clear that it also housed the civilisation of the Ice Warriors, a proud, warlike but noble race who were capable of spaceflight. When the planet became more and more inhospitable, the Ice Warriors sent an expedition to Earth, but the ship crashed and was frozen in a glacier, unable to report back (The Ice Warriors).
Around 5000 BC, a powerful race of beings known as the Osirians reached Mars and set up pyramid-like bases there. They also travelled to Earth and influenced Ancient Egypt, seeming to the Egyptians like gods. One of their number, the evil Sutekh, was imprisoned in a tomb on Earth, kept in a state of paralysis by an energy beam transmitted from the main pyramid on Mars itself. Sutekh would remain a prisoner until 1911 (Pyramids of Mars).
During the late 20th century, Mars was a target of space exploration. The United Kingdom space programme sent a series of manned probes to Mars. Mars Probes 6 and 7 made contact with a group of radioactive aliens orbiting the planet on a peaceful survey mission (The Ambassadors of Death). On 31 October 2006, the Guinevere One probe was launched by the British Rocket Group for an intended landing on Christmas Day, but was intercepted by the alien Sycorax before it could do so (The Christmas Invasion).
The Ice Warriors had not given up their ambitions to colonise Earth, however. In the mid-21st century a strike team was sent to take control of the planet's teleportation network, T-Mat, and use it to transport seed pods to Earth that were designed to terraform its environment to one suitable for Martian life. This plan was foiled by the Second Doctor and his companions (The Seeds of Doom).
Some time after that, the Ice Warriors' frozen ship was discovered by scientists during another ice age on Earth, and the thawed crew's attempt to seize the base was also stopped by the Second Doctor (The Ice Warriors, which the Radio Times listing placed in the year 3000).
Centuries later, Mars and the Ice Warriors were part of a Galactic Federation that included Earth, Alpha Centauri and Arcturus. Mars was also the only planet to contain trisilicate, a valuable ore in The Curse of Peladon. However, fifty years after the events of that story, in The Monster of Peladon, trisilicate was also being mined on the planet Peladon. The Virgin New Adventures novel Legacy by Gary Russell places these events around the 39th and 40th centuries.
By the 41st century, mankind had established a colonising presence on Mars, as the Space Security Agent Bret Vyon claimed to have been born in its Colony 16 (The Daleks' Master Plan). In the far future, under the influence and control of the Usurians, a colony of humans temporarily moved to Mars, then on to Pluto after the depleting of Earth's natural resources (The Sun Makers).
[edit] Other appearances
Mars has also made appearances in the various Doctor Who spin-off media. The canonicity of these stories is unclear.
In many Doctor Who stories Mars has been terraformed for human habitation, though The Dying Days by Lance Parkin states this process is unnecessary as Mars can indeed support human life. The Dying Days, set in 1997, tells of a takeover of the United Kingdom by the Argyre Clan of Ice Warriors, whose nests on Mars are in turn destroyed by humans. The invasion was beaten back with the help of the Eighth Doctor, Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart and Bernice Summerfield.
The Fifth Doctor travelled to Mars in the Big Finish Productions audio drama Red Dawn.
The Seventh Doctor visited Mars in the Virgin New Adventures novel GodEngine by Craig Hinton, set in the 22nd century just prior to the events of The Dalek Invasion of Earth.
Bernice Summerfield adventured on Mars during the 26th century in the novel Beige Planet Mars by Lance Parkin and Mark Clapham.
The Fourth Doctor and Leela visited a similarly terraformed Mars in the short story Crimson Dawn by Tim Robbins, published in the Virgin Books anthology Decalog 2: Lost Property.
The Ninth Doctor visited the planet, which had been turned into a holiday resort, in the Doctor Who Magazine comic strip story The Cruel Sea (DWM #359-362), written by Rob Shearman.
