Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein
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| Prince Christian | |
|---|---|
| Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein | |
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| Prince and Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein | |
| Spouse | The Princess Helena |
| Issue | |
| Prince Christian Victor of Schleswig-Holstein Albert, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein Princess Helena Victoria Princess Marie Louise Prince Frederick |
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| Full name | |
| Frederick Christian Charles Augustus | |
| Titles | |
| HRH Prince Christian HRH Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein HSH Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein |
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| Royal House | House of Oldenburg |
| Father | Christian, Duke of Augustenborg |
| Mother | Countess Lovisa-Sophie Danneskjold-Samsøe |
| Born | 22 January 1831 Augustenborg, Denmark |
| Died | 28 October 1917 Schomberg House, London |
| Burial | Frogmore, Windsor |
Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (Frederick Christian Charles Augustus; 22 January 1831 - 28 October 1917) was a minor German prince who became a member of the British Royal Family through his marriage to The Princess Helena (25 May 1846 - 9 June 1923), the fifth child and third daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
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[edit] Early life
Prince Christian was born in Augustenborg, Denmark. He was the second son of Christian August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg and his wife, Countess Louise of Danneskjold-Samsøe.
Prince Christian was the ethnically perhaps most Danish prince of Danish royal dynasty in his generation (which was the generation when Denmark came to its most recent succession crisis, cf details accounted at his cousin's article: Louise of Hesse). His family, of course, belonged to the House of Oldenburg, the royal house which numbered all medieval Scandinavian royal dynasties among its distant forefathers. Christian's paternal grandfather happened to have both grandfathers who were "royal" dukes from the Oldenburg dynasty. What was different compared with ancestries of their rival relatives, was Christian's specific ancestry among current Danish high nobility. His mother was from an ancient Danish family (Danneskiold-Samsoe), and his paternal grandmother Louise Auguste of Denmark was its royal princess. His paternal grandfather Frederik Christian II, Duke of Augustenborg numbered two ladies of Danish high nobility as his grandmothers (Danneskiold-Samsoe and Reventlow), and one Danish countess as paternal great-grandmother (Ahlefeldt-Langeland). Christian's parents had high hopes that in the then rising era of nationalism, this ancestry would be viewed with favor by necessary supporters when Danish succession comes to be solved. The family groomed Christian's elder brother Frederick to become a king, that of Denmark of course. However, the succession in Denmark was solved in favor of others.
In 1848, young Christian's father, Duke Christian August, placed himself at the head of a movement to resist by force the claims of Denmark upon the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, two personal possessions of the Kings of Denmark, of which Holstein also was a part of the German Confederation. A year earlier, King Frederick VII acceded to the Danish throne without any hope of producing a male heir. Unlike Denmark proper, where the Lex Regia of 1665 allowed the throne to pass through the female royal line, in Holstein Salic Law prevailed. The duchy would most likely revert to the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg family, their cadet branch of the house of Holstein-Sonderburg. During the 1852 First War of Schleswig, Prince Christian briefly served with the newly constituted Schleswig-Holstein army before he and his family were forced to flee the advancing Danish forces (see history of Schleswig-Holstein). After the war, he attended the University of Bonn, where he befriended Crown Prince Friedrich of Prussia (later the German Emperor Friedrich III).
[edit] Marriage
| Styles of Prince Christian |
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|---|---|
| Reference style | His Royal Highness |
| Spoken style | Your Royal Highness |
| Alternative style | Sir |
In September 1865, while visiting Coburg, The Princess Helena met Prince Christian. The couple became engaged in December of that year. Queen Victoria gave her permission for the marriage with the proviso that the couple live in Great Britain. They married at the Private Chapel at Windsor Castle on 5 July 1866. Seven days before the wedding, the Queen granted her future son-in-law the qualification of Royal Highness. This style was in effect in the United Kingdom, not Germany were Prince Christian, as a son of the Duke of Augustenborg, was only entited to the style Serene Highness.1
Prince and Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, as they were known, made their home at Frogmore House in the grounds of Windsor Castle and later at Cumberland Lodge in Windsor Great Park. They had six children:
- Prince Christian Victor (14 August 1867 - 29 October 1900)
- Prince Albert (28 February 1869 - 13 March 1931) who in 1921 became the titular Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and the Head of the House of Oldenburg
- Princess Helena Victoria (3 May 1870 - 13 March 1948).
- Princess Marie Louise (12 August 1872 - 8 December 1956).
- Prince Harald, Harold (12 May 1876 - 20 May 1876).
- An unnamed still-born son (7 May 1877).
[edit] Royal Life
Queen Victoria appointed Prince Christian a Knight of the Garter and a member of the Privy Council. The Prince became a personal aide-de-camp to the Queen in 1897. Prince Christian became a major general in the British Army in July 1866 and received promotions to the ranks of lieutenant general in August 1874 and general in October 1877. From 1869 until his death, he was honorary colonel of the 1st Volunteer Battalion, The Royal Berkshire Regiment. However, Prince Christian never held a major field command or staff position.
[edit] World War I
During World War I, rising anti-German sentiment forced the British Royal Family to sever its links to Germany and to discontinue the use of various German titles and styles. In July 1917, King George V changed the name of the British Royal House to the House of Windsor and discontinued for himself and all other descendants of Queen Victoria who were British subjects all "other German Degrees, Styles, Dignities, Titles, Honours and Appellations." Prince and Princess Christian and their two daughters dropped the territorial designation "of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderberg-Augustenburg" and instead became known as Their Royal Highnesses Prince and Princess Christian, Her Highness Princess Marie Louise, and Her Highness Princess Helena Victoria, respectively.
[edit] Later life
Prince Christian died at Schomberg House, Pall Mall, in October 1917, in his eighty-seventh year. He was buried at Frogmore Royal Burial Ground in Windsor Great Park.
[edit] Titles and Honours
[edit] Titles from birth
- His Serene Highness Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein
- His Royal Highness Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein
- His Royal Highness Prince Christian
[edit] Honours
Footnote
1 The children of Prince and Princess Christian would have borne the titles of Prince or Princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderberg-Augustenburg with the style Serene Highness. This was in accordance with both the house laws of the Ducal House of Augustenburg and English common law, whereby children take the surname and rank of their father, not their mother. Queen Victoria granted the children of Prince and Princess Christian the style of Highness in May 1867. Nonetheless, they remained Princes and Princesses of Schleswig-Holstein and the style of Highness was only in effect in Great Britain.
