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Imagen:Simple chem distillation.PNG - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

Imagen:Simple chem distillation.PNG

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[edit] Summary

Diagram (cross-section) of simple distillation set-up without a fractionating column often used by chemists. Shown in use.

H Padleckas created this picture in December 2005. H Padleckas 16:47, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

Numbers were used to identify features so that international use is possible.

  1. heat source (a Bunsen burner here)1
  2. distilling flask (a round bottom flask)2
  3. distilling head
  4. thermometer4
  5. condenser5
  6. cooling water in6
  7. cooling water out
  8. receiving flask collecting dripping distillate
  9. vacuum source9
  10. vacuum adapter


1 A traditional source of heat is a flame such as from a Bunsen burner below an asbestos pad. These days, a more common way to heat the distilling flask is using a heating mantle fitting around the bottom of the distilling flask.

2 Note the small boiling chips at the bottom of the distilling flask used to prevent sudden boil-over of distilling flask contents.

4 The bulb is placed at the carry-over point in the distilling head. If the thermometer does not have a ground glass adapter on it, a separate thermometer adapter can be used.

5 Liebig type condenser with ground glass joints at both ends.

6 The cooling water must go into the lower entry to properly fill up the condenser's cooling jacket. If the water enters the upper point, flow will mostly bypass straight down to the lower exit.

9 A vacuum source is not needed for a distillation exposed to atmospheric pressure. Sources of vacuum or partial vacuum may be an aspirator or "house" vacuum (provided by the laboratory) through a thick-walled guard flask, a vacuum pump through a cold trap to protect the pump from vapors. To control the degree of vacuum, a bleed valve and a pressure gauge can be inserted in the line between the distillation and the vacuum source.


Not shown in this picture are the stands and clamps needed to hold the equipment up.

[edit] Licensing

I, the author of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
GNU head Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

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Hitzequelle (ein Bunsenbrenner hier) 1 destillierende Taschenflasche (eine runde unterste Taschenflasche) 2 destillierender Kopf thermometer4 condenser5 kühl werdendes Wasser in6 das Abkühlen von Wasser, das, das das Taschenflasche-Sammeln erhält Destillat-Vakuum source9 Vakuumadapter 1 Eine traditionelle Quelle der Hitze tropft, ist eine Flamme wie von einem Bunsenbrenner unter einem Asbest-Polster. An diesen Tagen verwendet eine allgemeinere Weise, die destillierende Taschenflasche zu heizen, einen Heizungsmantel, der um den Boden der destillierenden Taschenflasche passt. 2 Bemerken, dass die kleinen kochenden Chips an der Unterseite von der destillierenden Taschenflasche pflegten, plötzlich zu verhindern, kochen vom destillierenden Taschenflasche-Inhalt über. 4 wird Die Zwiebel am Prolongationspunkt im destillierenden Kopf gelegt. Wenn das Thermometer einen Milchglas-Adapter darauf nicht hat, kann ein getrennter Thermometer-Adapter verwendet werden. 5 Typ-Kondensator Liebig mit dem Milchglas verbindet an beiden Enden. 6 muss Das kühl werdende Wasser in den niedrigeren Zugang eintreten, um die kühl werdende Jacke des Kondensators richtig voll zu füllen. Wenn das Wasser in den oberen Punkt eingeht, wird Fluss größtenteils gerade unten zum niedrigeren Ausgang umgehen. 9 ist Eine Vakuumquelle für eine zum atmosphärischen Druck ausgestellte Destillation nicht erforderlich. Quellen des teilweisen oder Vakuumvakuums können ein Saugapparat oder "Haus"-Vakuum (zur Verfügung gestellt vom Laboratorium) durch eine dick ummauerte Wächter-Taschenflasche, eine Vakuumpumpe durch eine kalte Falle sein, um die Pumpe vor Dämpfen zu schützen. Um den Grad des Vakuums zu kontrollieren, können eine abzapfen Klappe und ein Druckmesser in die Linie zwischen der Destillation und der Vakuumquelle eingefügt werden. Nicht gezeigt in diesem Bild sind die Standplätze und Klammern mussten die Ausrüstung halten.

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