Poutine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Poutine (pronounced, roughly, poo-teen, or poo-tin; exact Québécois pronunciation in IPA [pʊʦɪn] — listen to it in .wav format) is a dish consisting of french fries topped with fresh cheese curds and covered with hot gravy (usually brown gravy) and sometimes other additional ingredients. The curds' freshness is important as it makes them soft in the warm fries, without completely melting.
Poutine is a fast food staple in eastern as well as western Canada; it is sold by nearly all fast food chains (such as New York Fries and Harvey's) in the provinces, in small diners and pubs, as well as by roadside "poutine trucks" and "fries stands". International chains like McDonalds, A&W, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Burger King now sell mass-produced poutine across Canada. New York Fries has poutine on the menus in Canada. Popular Québec restaurants that serve poutine are Lafleur Restaurants, Chez Ashton, La Belle Province, Stratos, Fusée, St-Hubert, Bravo and Valentine. Also, poutine is very popular in student cafeterias in high schools and universities.
Poutine is available in only a few places outside of Canada, including the northern United States and a handful of Canadian-themed restaurants and pubs throughout the rest of the world. Some popular Canadian travel destinations (such as Mexico, Florida, and Taiwan) are also known to have poutine available, but only sporadically or at the behest of Canadian expatriates.
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[edit] Origins
The dish originated in rural Québec, Canada in the late 1950s and is now popular all over the country. Several communities claim to be the origin of poutine, including Drummondville, Québec (by Jean-Pierre Roy) and Victoriaville, Québec. The most popular tale is the one of Fernand Lachance, from Warwick, Quebec, which claims that poutine was invented in 1957, when a customer ordered fries while waiting for his cheese curds from the Kingsey cheese factory in Kingsey Falls (now in Warwick and bought by Saputo). Lachance is said to have exclaimed ça va faire une maudite poutine ("it will make a hell of a mess"), hence the name. The sauce was allegedly added later, to keep the fries warm longer. Linguists have found no occurrence of the word poutine with this meaning earlier than 1978.
[edit] Variations
There are many variations of poutine. A common variation, Italian poutine, substitutes gravy with "spaghetti sauce" (a thick tomato and ground beef sauce, roughly analogous to Bolognese sauce), while another popular variation includes sausage slices. Greek poutine consists of shoestring fries topped with feta cheese and a warm Mediterranean vinaigrette.
Some restaurants boast a dozen or more variations of poutine. For instance, you may find more upscale poutine with three-pepper sauce, Merguez sausage, foie gras or even caviar and truffle. Another variation, poutine Galvaude, includes shredded chicken and green peas, often eliminating the cheese — this mimics the typical Québécois preparation of a hot chicken sandwich. When ordering a fast food combination meal in eastern Canada, you can pay extra to get your french fries replaced with a poutine. Note that fast food poutine is considered "fake poutine" by poutine afficionados, as the freshness or the kind of cheese (a common substitution is grated cheese) is not the same as in Québec where you can usually buy fresh cheese curds daily in almost any convenience store.
[edit] Etymology
The etymology of the word is a subject of much debate in Québec. Many believe that it may be an adaptation of the English word pudding, the word being attested from the end of the 19th century in Oscar Dunn's Canadian French dictionary with the meaning of pudding, and with similar meanings in Acadian French and Cajun French. Some marginal Quebecer linguists think that the word evolved from Provençal poutingo, which means bad stew, under the phonetic influence of English pudding (if so, this would possibly be the only Provençal word to have penetrated the modern Quebec French lexicon). However, the Québec office of the French Language states this is not true.
[edit] References in popular culture
- In December 2004, the CBC children's program The X hosted what was called the X Poutine Party. The event was sponsored by New York Fries and was held at Dundas Square in Toronto. The goal of the event was to make the world's largest poutine. They ended up achieving this feat, with the poutine weighing in at 808 pounds. The event also featured performances by The Salads, Stabilo and Anjulie. All of the proceeds were donated to The Daily Bread Food Bank.
- In the movie Super Troopers several marijuana smoking teenagers claim to be headed to Canada, from Vermont, to purchase some poutine (referred to as "french fries and gravy").
- The online game Kingdom of Loathing features several Canadian-themed foods, including poutine
[edit] Poutine in politics
In an election 2000 segment, Rick Mercer of the television series This Hour Has 22 Minutes convinced then-Governor of Texas George W. Bush that Canada's Prime Minister, Jean Chrétien, was named Jean Poutine and that he was supporting Bush's candidacy. A few years later when Bush made his first official visit to Canada, he joked during a speech, "There's a prominent citizen who endorsed me in the 2000 election, and I wanted a chance to finally thank him for that endorsement. I was hoping to meet Jean Poutine." The remark was met with laughter and applause.[1]
[edit] Related dishes
While at first glance the dish may seem similar to American disco fries, poutine with melted cheese, shredded cheese, or cheese slices is not regarded as "genuine" poutine, which is served with curd cheese.
Frites special is a vaguely-similar dish in Dutch cuisine that consists of french fries topped with mayonnaise, ketchup, minced onions and curry powder.
In New Brunswick, there is an earlier traditional Acadian dish known as poutine râpée, which is completely different from the "poutine québécoise". The Acadian poutine is a ball of grated and mashed potato, salted, filled with pork in the centre, and boiled. The result is a moist greyish ball about the size of a baseball. It is commonly eaten with salt and pepper or brown sugar. It is believed to have originated from the German Klöße, prepared by early German settlers who lived among the Acadians. Many other dishes, similar or not, are known by the same name.
Acadians of Western Nova Scotia feast on a similar dish which is called râpure, or rappie pie in English. The difference with the New Brunswick poutine râpée is that it is served flat, rather than in the shape of a ball.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Ode to poutine, a poem by Mona Awad (RealAudio)
- The Poutine, She's Delicious, a brief irreverent history of the food
- Montrealpoutine.com, a poutine website with poutine restaurant ratings, recipes.
- Poutine Page A poutine enthusiast's webpage, including pictures and an overview of the poutine making process.
- Poutine on The News (1991), CBC News Report on Poutine
- montrealfood.com
